Stump’d × JavaScript × GraphQL × Memory Safety × Web History

code? a certain number of milliseconds

Oh, here's a good one. This is something we have a show on a micro task. Yeah.

is. So you would say like you take in animal

eraser? New object is equal to new, So which of these

is compiled.

TypeGuard.

doesn't understand the types at all, right? So the process of compiling it, I guess it's called type erasure.

Yeah. It's it's a

that's coming up. What is a closure in JavaScript, and How is it used? Yeah. And this is one of those concepts that I should know, but I in practice, I almost never never really, rid. Really care too much about a closure. A closure

And you say animal is pet. Or in our case, we have a food type that could be a sandwich or a pizza,

All of that function is not Twitter. I follow him. I didn't know that he was the guy that made this. Wow. Has an in JavaScript and when should each be used. A function declaration even with numbers, right? Rid. A number is a number. A JavaScript, a string's a string, and that's it. The that's one of the things that and some of the Paul Irish stuff. Yeah. Maybe we'll start a new, like,

Okay. What is a type eraser in type script. And how does it affect the generated JavaScript code? What is a type the differences.

I'm gonna say a type eraser removes the type and does not affect the JavaScript code.

Very nice. Alright. Next question here. In TypeScript, which syntax can be used to define a user defined rid That is to be able to

I've never heard of this.

I feel like you should understand that this can only be a string. You should get it. Right? We all get it.

It removes the types because JavaScript rid Yeah. Well, like, well, I'm trying to figure out what the word is where HTTP was wonderful. Yeah. Alright. I got one for you here. What is the difference between function declarations In 1999 became a major milestone in this regard. Can you imagine getting CSS rid. Internet Explorer 5 and be like, finally, then request animation frame and then macro.

Simply filtering alone is not enough and then you return the one the one answer they have here is to use a CDN.

to narrow the type from string and number down to just number. So you have to say the return type of your filter is number, rid. And then that will make TypeScript smarten up. And it's kinda weird that it it doesn't do that, but I guess it's the

This is a trick question. Does it not affect the JavaScript code? rid. Typefaces and fonts, Yeah. And so we got this little laser projector I'm going to say Brendan Ike only because that year.

in JavaScript introduced? is its own object, but a bang in front of that.

Compass and Sass was probably a big one, Which version was that? over the web development

milestones So empty array is still something, so that's True. So bang is equal to false.

You buy something that comes for free with, like, a crappy cable and they're And then you you declare what it is. So the difference between the 2 is function declarations are hoisted,

battery powered projector, I think, is a sick pick. That's really cool. I've I've been seeing those for a while where people are like, oh, just Throw 1 in your room or whatever. And we've been looking at

for a list of all of my courses. Check it on out. Use coupon code syntax for $10 off. Rid That's all for today. Thanks, everybody, for tuning in, and we'll catch you later.

And we'll have them on like, Jquery is probably a big one. Rid. Zen Garden is a big one. Tweet us at syntax. Fm. We'd love to hear what you think and therefore scrapped.

auto focusing.

And we're even getting alerts anytime there's something wrong, even though Nobody's using the site other than us right now, and, unfortunately, it means I'm getting a lot of alerts

and they used to have to be these massive units with big, old, heavy, bright rid. Bulbs and whatever. You touch the bulbs and you're ruining them.

try to have some of these. Maybe we'll do, like,

shift the layout in all kinds of ways. And and really not even thinking about CSS. It wasn't until rid. Zen Garden came about when I was like, oh, you can do so much without

It rid. Works off of battery. It has cast, and I found it to be really super bright. It's it's probably not gonna be that bright during the daytime of things, but,

like, getting a cheapo TV to have outside, And, ultimately, we're like, wait, why don't we just get a really bright projector?

doing tables for everything, Or just f s. But, yes, f s. Yeah. Well, FS.

of interesting to learn. Yeah, totally. Yeah. No, I agree. And that's like, I'm actually very interested in that kind of stuff anyway.

it.

and you go back to the hotel, you do need to juice your phone up as fast as possible. Everything. So if you get one of these crappy, like, I have so many crappy

gym. And then we're thinking about getting either a new TV. But Part of us is like, maybe we should do, like, a huge ass projector because they're

Eric Myers probably should have on. We've talked to him a couple of times about coming on, so maybe we should push that through preprocessor.

Do you have a sick pick for me today? Yeah. So I'm going to just It's one of these stupid Amazon brands. Woodenta, Oh, not Netflix.

but been a big fan of it. I know Unkar also sells really high quality stuff. I have a bunch of theirs Rid. That's the

Oh, Canadian. How's the just numbers.

for a whole archive of all of our shows.

32 watt 3 port

And don't forget to subscribe in your podcast player or drop a review if you like this show.

I think that'd be kind of fun. Maybe we should make a list of, like, So here, when did CSS Zen Garden come out? 95.

the AC DC adapter

Yeah. Maybe we should In oh, that's I know this one because I just wrote a I just recorded a video on it. So in TypeScript,

And they wanna watch movies and stuff. It would be really nice to be able to have something outside. So we looked into,

like, working by name, or can I give you a brow it it looks like the answer is

But a projector, It's, Oh. And

Normally, this thing is like $900, For the night, you could just plug in this projector, and and now what we have to do is get a a screen because that's the next step is to get a screen. But I've had this thing for, like, a day, and I was just playing around with it. And it does, like, Yes.

the thing. Don't move a cable because then you're like, Where's the cable for this? Well, I think I rid. Brought it to the cottage. I think it's in my backpack. It's just buy a good cable and leave it where you need them, and you will always have them. Yeah. But I need it in another room right now. I can unplug this 1 and take it to the other room right now. Get get one for where you need it. So, like, I have good ECMAScript is mux. Okay. I was right.

And it's just like when you're traveling

and it's the best way to rid. Makes previously accepted bad syntax assertion or sometimes called a typecast.

you specifically

is a hockey player. Damn hockey players always ruin search for everybody.

Man, this has been Named or unnamed function into a variable. So you say const

even, And you can cast to it. You can plug in HDMI to it, and it can work off of battery and and be like, if we're we're just gonna hang outside a

projector.

Use the coupon code tasty treat, all lowercase, all one word, and you'll get 2 months for free of this awesome service. Shameless plug. Rid .comforward/courses

and it's on sale for, like, $600, a cluster of not, rid RAM than is available

a like, here's all the ram Yeah. Slots. And here's the specific amount of RAM slots, and they only have this many. So here are the tricks they're doing to swap out things out of the different RAM slots so that they have room for it. It's,

Peace. Peace.

where are the cables? Oh, that was not fast enough. Don't plug that one in.

where it will figure out how fast

for all the kids Ipads and all that stuff. And it's just life is better when you don't have to figure out ready. Once every 2 months history episode. I would love to do a history episode. Absolutely. Count me out. Yeah. All right. I'm putting it on the books. Rid. Let's move into the next section of the episode, which is our sick picks.

our basement TV. We're hopefully going to move it into our it's starting to go like you can see

I thought you're talking about the hockey players. Like, you're you're surprised that the hockey player is Canadian? Oh, no.

And we're like, we'll just throw that in the CSS end guarding was launched May 8, 2003

Just rid Just because that's been a good year for me this episode.

Mezzo Blue on And so many crappy cables. And I'm starting to be like, I'm going to throw this start throwing these out because they come for free with, like,

of web development? You may. What is the difference between a type guard and a type, where you

Cable movers. I don't know. You can't live your life like that. I I don't mind. Honestly, loop is to put a set time out with 0 milliseconds and that will stick it on the end of the event loop.

Head on over to syntax.fm hokey decision making. That's crazy. So

which is a lot of money.

Like, it's it's so nice and clear. You can't rid. Run it during the day, and I I'm assuming the lasers are probably better

What were the major rid

Very big. A lot of people are saying the TV is very big. Yeah. Yeah. I'm gonna sick pick A USB C and

this is so much better.

Sentry is the perfect place to see all of your errors and exceptions happen. We're working on software right now, and, we're using Sentry in our site.

on our trip, He was best known for developing cascading style sheets Mhmm. While working with Tim Berners Lee and Robert Kai about what major milestones 2002. Wow. I'm surprised.

charger.

And what brand later in later developments of the languages.

rid as it should be, then you really need a tool like Sentry in your life, and and, really, Sentry is the best of them. So check it out at century.i0.

So the fact that this little thing, it looks like a little Little tiny device has such a a powerful output with not having to ever replace the bulb and stuff. It's just kind of amazing to me. So I'll stick pick the specific one I got. But Just in general, having a little Bluetooth

I was really impressed with it. So I'll I'll post a link to the specific one, and I didn't realize even, like, laser projectors were a thing. I I used to work as a projectionist as I may have told you before,

Yeah. Yeah. I remember

than they used to be. Like, we have Yeah. With with this prompt, you rid. You can sort of come back at it and say give me an extremely hard one about x, y, or z. Okay. Let me say I I'm saying give me a harder one about rid. HTTP status codes.

that works off of battery

a lot more affordable

And, man, I'm so happy with these. Also, like, my wife is a cable mover. I always make fun of her. I'm just like, stop. Oh, I'm a cable mover, too. Oh, Yeah. The rule in our house is don't like, I almost want to just, like, bolt it to a function from that.

XHTML.

what I understand about x HTML. And if it's not, then this this whole answer is incorrect.

prototype or my constructor

is XML because, before that with In later versions?

Rid. It's rid Strings and numbers and you've filtered for So let me let me write this down again. So you said a macro is

You know what? I'm guessing that the XHTML a function itself is the function expression

Yes. Good. The first one would be But I guess with mine

dot underscore underscore proto.

literally reach into something that has already been instantiated

at deprecated

rid was,

the first one is the class itself. And if you want something to be inherited, you put it on the prototype.

Okay. K. So you've created a new object rid You're hot. You're hot.

underscore underscore prototype?

My object I'm just gonna say dot proto. K. Yeah. My object dot proto is equal to my constructor rid dot prototype.

my constructor,

to provide a more stricken standardized version of HTML that was compatible Yeah. With HTML, object programming, which enables dynamic Programming techniques like introspection Got it.

the prototype or the my object dot underscore underscore proto equal to

My object dot proto is equal to my constructor rid. From a constructor,

My constructor is with this code,

if you create a new my object rid From a constructor, response.

created to I'm I'm basing this on the assumption that XHTML I I I just had to write that, like, a a bunch of times when I'm doing the,

Yeah. Yeah.

And then the underscore underscore proto is how you

which of the following is true? If you're listening to the show, we can do empty array brackets, Two equals,

on the field. So you would do it The value of this is not

because I just made, like, a

my constructor,

rid score is equal to my constructor.

So we're talking about is Yeah. Well, first, they had to slam Style sheets and browser. Style sheets together.

I'm not gonna give myself credit for it. I'm I'm not I'm not feeling I'm not feeling positive about it. Alright.

After the field name? Correct. Ding ding ding ding ding.

My object dot underscore underscore proto underscore underscore underscore So which This is good. Which of the following are true? Use strict makes All global variables local to the script.

that was a good one. Rid I like that. I'm actually impressed because just even

And to modify its prototype.

Beauty. Oh,

Oh, this is a weird one. This one seems kinda cheap, but I'm gonna do it anyway. Okay.

just having to say all of those things was a bit much. You did you did good summarizing it.

52,009.

Have to enable developers to identify the origin of particular code modules. Woah. This two faced disagreement Netscape.

Rid Mhmm.

meta classes is the 94, or 95.

However, this proved to be too complex and was subsequently

That is rid Very wild.

there's a post on esdiscuss.org Okay. So empty array

packages.

the reflection is via last week, and I would have said, oh, yeah. Rid. So what what was what was scrapped in ECMAS script? All classes were proposed. That's actually funny because we didn't get classes until we hit ES 6. Rid Yeah. 10 years 10 years later,

3 was launched in 99.

Oh, you're gonna like this one. Typing annotations.

and reflection.

the proxy API, custom getters and setters, essentially allows the server to send multiple resources

the the reason why

of alternate. Is that true? Yeah. Sometimes So and double equals checks the only but the callback of set time out would be

And I think the The third one, use script. Use strict

2, 98,

Yeah. How did you know that? Rid Because I remember that ES 5 was the one that was you know, everybody talked about as being ES 5. Yeah. And I remember we we just made, like, a stir fry the other day, and I was like, oh, man. It's the perfect in the schema as deprecated?

or not not not enough working, but not being able to be. Yeah. So That's all I remember about that specifically. So,

process including focus on smaller, more incremental changes

you you gotta just say, is that true rid to if you're getting this information off of. Yeah. There's a rid not even thinking about the box model, not even really thinking about margins and any of that stuff and just dropping stuff in a table And then using table cells to

meta object thing or ECMAScript 4 proposal included a module system based on packages that would be string inputs in my SQL, whereas HTTP 2 Oh, like

Oh,

experience led to changes at the script rid. Standardization

but was abandoned in No. An empty array is false

and more open, transparent

2008 due to disagreements among the committee members. Some of the features that are proposed for ECMAScript were eventually Added to later versions of the specification

Rid Generators. That was out in e s six.

3, 99.

that was, like, a big deal was because the version

So 10 years between that. It's actually wild to me to think that 40 it's from Wikipedia.

was launched the device can charge.

I wonder if there's already syntax guidelines for something like this.

one that you know about. There's one version of ECMA script that was never finalized to use the Redefine when you're inside of an arrow function, so it will simply just go up the

99 to 2009 is 10 years, thing at one end, send it over the wire, while others were abandoned or reworked.

Oh, because we e s 4.

10 years from the launch of that.

Wow. What a Wow. I a wildest. Yeah. That's that would have been a good show on its own. Just rid. Discover deep into ES 4.

Yes, so it was it was proposed. That's wild.

from 16 rid. Years ago, rid. Should be covered.

And the module system was reworked and eventually added in a more limited version form in the specification.

So we have different versions of ECMA script. Rid. You know, like, ES 6 is probably the most popular

specification, was never finished. It developed started in two thousand, and their compilers and run times that ensures programs do not have undefined behavior in the request, so slow. If you get a bad cable or a bad charger. They're so brutally slow, and sometimes my phone can't even keep up. But I bought, like, a proper one. I got 2 of them for $20.

the answer is 1's in CSS and one is in.

for the web And when? Who It is constructor rid. Not power over Ethernet. You can power power line adapter. You can run Internet on article about CSS Sprites from 2004.

Okay. We're not medium. So this one's this one's telling me bad practice to do that. You shouldn't be using that because it locks up your entire application.

a difficulty level medium. I'm gonna say no more medium ones because we're not We're not medium.

That's

Oh, I like this one. Who first proposed the idea of using separate style sheet language I have nice cables at my desk. I have a nice cable beside my bed. We have a really nice charging station Well, that's interesting that it was proposed to do a separate style sheet bar car 255 or whatever. Rid. And then I had some text that was too long for that.

has passed.

no. Alright. We maybe we need to tweak this prompt. Rid Yeah. The joys of AI here. Who? like, was CSS only in line at first? I don't know what else What else would be there? That's good. So I think you got it right. You can chop it up into multiple things, which is, Rid. Basically, I just I apologize for this mistake in my previous question. No. You're

this is a very hard what's the difference between a media query and a conditional statement in JavaScript? text documents.

than do it inside of your HTML, I guess, or or maybe even does not type guard.

oh, wow.

The answer is

Rid. European Organization For Nuclear Research? No. That doesn't You don't know CERN? No. I don't think I do. They do that, the big, hadron collider. That's Sir. Oh. They're, like, slam and particles together.

rid. Haikon Loong Lee 4 proposed

Use a strict enables additional What JavaScript function allows you to delay the execution of a function

It is an Internet Explorer rendering. The order of execution is macro micro rendering.

Who knows? And if only we could find that out. Alright. Next question is, which of the following statements about JavaScript's so that's that's probably the biggest one. What else could you do? You could compress it. You could compress the source video using a different codec.

Rather

Use strict changes previously accepted bad syntax into real errors.

rid. What is event driven programming in Node. Js, and how does it work? In Node. Js? Yeah. And we had one similar to this on the last dump, I think. It's not exactly a Event driven programming. I don't know. It makes me think of signals,

While he was working on the jQuery library.

so maybe somebody that worked at Microsoft, but I I'm not I'm not sure.

but I don't I don't know what kind of answer this is looking for. Well, Shoot me your answer. I'll give it to the robot and see what they think. Event driven programming

into actual JavaScript errors. Ding, ding, ding. Oh, that was a good one. Yeah.

And CERN is the

And they develop CSS? I like that. This is a good question. We kinda answered this one, but I think you could have a good answer for this. In TypeScript, what is a type guard, and how is it used to ensure type safety in your code? What is a type Guard. Type guard the dot constructor.

You know what?

a so I'm just looking up his Wikipedia.

at some point,

and a year. Oh, I don't I don't know a name here, but I would imagine

Not bad. Oh, so also with this AI is I'm able to input your answer and see if it's good enough, which is kinda cool. So my question here is, rid when you write a user defined type guard, you write a function that returns true or false. However, the return type declaration a conference recently, and I was telling them about the pains of

is

1994.

Rid A Norwegian web pioneer and standards activist, rid At CERN in And I have

in 1994 a put it into a single provides

while he was working at CERN with Tim Berners Lee, rid b, Brendan Eich in 1995 when he was developing JavaScript or, c, John Resig in 2006 So that would be

CTO of Opera Software

from a server closer to the user's location. Okay. Yeah. Well, yes. That yeah. That tracks.

rid. I'm gonna say the dot constructor the output the output of Descript always was just a little bit muddy on the text.

What's Descript? And we needed to write a

you you can have a you want a high resolution, but a lower bit rate, and it looks pretty fine. Rid.

rid. A extremely high bit rate because you want as much information as possible, but the resolution is not nearly

Rid the reason why and, honestly, from the wording of the question, I don't it makes me wonder about that. So I asked it specifically, why why isn't the spread rid 1 correct here.

Okay. That makes sense. Yeah. It does, but I don't know if the wording of the question

And I think that's why With the release of CSS 2 in 1998, so that you can sort of carry around data Rid. So here we are. 20 years later, we got them.

you have there's, like, 1 wire. Right? And you think, like, how can all these TV shows go over 1 wire? Or Sometimes people Check out all these shows on one wire. Yeah. On one wire. Or, like, sometimes people Charge all of your stuff all at once. So there's 2 USB A's, and then there's 1 USB C that does power delivery.

rid. The Descript Descript doesn't allow you to turn any bitrate knobs.

Can I have a follow-up question? It's like, what's the difference? And then ECM script e s 6 is 2015, which were almost

over a function expression Whereas a type guard is literally

yeah, is that

or vice versa. A function

you stream it rather than Yeah. A pseudo class, K? in real video games, like NES video games.

Const new object equals object dot create old object.

Straight up just reference and play the,

function.

while it does copy the properties of old object, it does not set up the prototype chain.

is simply limitation of TypeScript in its, like, static nature. Rid. Mhmm. There's, like, certainly times when I'm writing TypeScript where I'm like,

values, which is maybe what you want because The prototype will be looked up, so I'm gonna say the

CDNs offer faster video loading by serving the video, rid. Once every 2 months, we'll have, like, a history episode. We have somebody on from the early days.

where

the videos never quite looked. And it's the reason why I was not able to use Descript because

rid. Lower the quality of it. You could lower the file size.

is defining a function

brackets, spread operator, old object.

And I think the answer to that is because most people are compressing when using the double equals. That's crazy.

giving you the function a name

I was I went this rid This is, weekend looking for that Japanese barbecue sauce that you were saying. What's it called? It's a no. I I'm not I'm gonna mess it up if I try to do it off memory. Rid. But it yeah. It's a Costco special right now.

So it is

Like, why would you want to use rid A function

vibe to it.

as important. I think that's why

Okay. Look at you. I did not know that. That's, you stumped the the the stumper and the, cushion. There's like like, I'm trying to think.

myfunction equals, is truthy

function expressions are not hoisting. Interesting. Yeah. I never think about hoisting ever. Sounds delicious. Hoist this. Alright. It rid.

Yeah. I I I know it in practice, but what what is the, callback, is something we've been looking at for a long time. We don't have very many TVs in our house. We just have, like, The 1 TV in the living room, in the family room, or whatever. Right? Yeah. But we we really wanted something for outside, especially, like, we're gonna have the cousins over,

the file. The entire video file? Yeah. Then doesn't feel like Yeah. I I think for this one, because it is such a And how does it affect the JavaScript In JavaScript,

You know, like, your cable if you have cable on your TV, Wikipedia?

Their videos just didn't Arrow function is just basically a function as a value, a complete Alright. I gotta rid say event driven program is responding and listening to events. Let's see what it tells you.

specific? You got the The answer there. Maybe talk about I'm always amazed at how good that rid You can make the TV very big with it.

whereas doing coding videos because when you're compressing, specifically, await

rid. The typical compression,

which of the following is not a correct way to create a new object which inherits an existing

Yeah. Something like that. They didn't have it out at Costco. I've been wanting it for so long. It looks delicious. Rid. It is. And it long way of saying when TypeScript

I

Whereas,

version. The spread one the spread one is weird to me because that only takes a rid copy of the top level ones, He's a creator of JavaScript. He worked at Netflix?

Okay.

Well, they have the answer as the spread operator.

and it could be a regular function. It could be a

I'm using I was trying to use the I'm still working on my static analysis tool for ES 4. This tool will make use of custom type or type like annotation.

And, all of you, newer developers out there, when you hear people say, hey. Use the triple

Old object dot constructor.

where a function expression

Rid. New object is equal to

From an existing old object.

And it says that the spread operator creates a new object and copies over the old properties from old object. However,

Oh, micro, then Alright. Here is a good one. What was the primary motivation for the development of XHTML, rid and how did it differ from HTML? yes. It was created by Brendan Eich, rid Who worked at Netflix at the time.

Alright. Next question. In JavaScript,

It it does. I do hoisin is one of my favorite things in the whole world. So yeah.

what rid. Is the value of this inside of an arrow function defined within a non arrow function? and how does it affect the JavaScript code? How would

You could preload it, and,

They only allow you to select your output resolution.

is not a correct way of creating a new object which inherits

didn't look all that nice.

object.

Okay. That's that's good. You're right. So a function expression is where you put a

unpack it. They demux it. Oh, this is a good one. What are some strategies for optimizing the performance of HTML 5 video on a web page, particularly from mobile devices. Well, I mean,

nested prototype

and then we'll reference

You could because I keep breaking stuff. But if you have software that people are actually rid using, and you want to know that things are broken when they're broken, but also you want to know that they're going to be fast ahead of time. You wanna know that everything is going to work

a function declaration is where you write the word your idea of streaming it. Rid Send multiple files at once. You can compress it, you said, so you can change both the bit rate and the resolution. That was a kind of interesting one. I talked to the folks from Mux at

In JavaScript, JavaScript to debugging features.

And then once it hits the other end, they

defining it.

putting it,

of the upper scope.

rid by calling that function over and over again. So the big example is always like a counter. Right? You have a function called make counter, and then that returns an increment function. And every single time you run that increment function, it still has access to this invisible variable Rid. That makes no sense because

and, we should probably rid? A name ECMAScript version 4 was the version of ECMAScript

Yeah, I guess so. Because even, like, the callback Because FX, it's like a Yeah. The FS callback functions are still

probably do that one. Yeah. I I think that's one of those topics, especially, like, a lot of developers, rid. They hear the term, and it sounds like a jargony type of term, or they see it being used. And it's it's like, alright. When am I actually using this in my own JavaScript? Is

ready. Right? Alright. Next one is which of the following internal Node. Js modules provides

asynchronous File IO?

I'm not gonna give you them because then you're gonna get it. Okay. Which of the following rid. You are resolved. Yeah. That makes that makes way too much sense. Okay. Here's a good one. In GraphQL,

We have had a card on it for, like, rid. 2 months probably, And that inner function is able to access rid. The outer scope of the parent function Okay. Until the browser was sold to its new owners in 2016.

rid. File IO.

But, they just they're just callback based instead of being promise based.

have a function, And then inside of that function, you have variables, function and function expressions Rid can I get some options here? The first answer is What happened?

asynchronous. Right?

A closure is a function that

f s forward slash promises library. Sure.

a function that could have when I was studying for things, I could have told you exactly like the, The parroted version that you'd get off of a how to site.

That's a pretty good way of While HTML was more loose in browser specific markup language, I think that's pretty that's pretty close.

Rid Which HTTP status code is typically returned by the server

Rid It just one of those ones that's constantly evolving, constantly growing. What did you do before the box rid model. You know? I guess it was just Multiplexing.

That's interesting. Alright. Here's a question for you, Wes.

Down the rabbit hole we go. Yeah. The rabbit hole. A DVD was invented in 95, so there's no way the DVD was ready for rental in 97. Rid So it must have been VHS. What a what a wild thing. I I would have never have guessed that.

Was founded in 98. Like, yeah. When was DVDs? is h p u

not ability to use tables.

stuff, which was addressed by floating

initially.

Okay.

positioning in the box model to address the issue of browser compatibility. Web browsers began to adopt standardized So Equinox Script 1, 97, And there's, like, so many different Rid Give me what's the answer? Yours is what? from the computer. I think that that's pretty good. So memory safety is a property of Programming languages,

and difficult for web designers to learn and use. At the time, there are only a handful of web browsers, each with varying levels of support for CSS, which made it difficult CSS underwent several developments over the years. For example,

CSS introduced type guard that says this food is pizza, so we needed to narrow it down from rid food, which could be a sandwich or a pizza down to Yes. All the way down to just pizza. What an answer. Wonderful. Yeah. You know you know what's a funny thing? We'll talk about that really quickly. Is that Filter

was very early in my career, but I And the JavaScript will clean up. So in some programming language, you have to manage at that type of thing, but Bakken's?

Criticisms of CSS? Rid Yeah.

which are all addressed.

like, what in in what file they're defined, and therefore they were pushed into separate files Next, question for you is what mechanism does HTTP rid t t p 2 introduced to reduce latency and defining it. Rid. So it can be used without

rid Certainly felt that. Another criticism was CSS lacked certain features that were important for layout, such as the ability to position elements, you said that, relative to other page elements Or to create grid based layouts to address the issues,

criticisms of CSS

So

rid How they're defined,

What kind of issues would people have with CSS when it first came out?

would have been,

Yeah, positioning

Rid. Yeah. I don't know. I guess, for me, I don't know what that initial feature set would have been that it it came out with. It goes way back. One of the main criticisms of CSS Early on was it was too complex

rid. Implementations of CSS, the introduction of Internet Explorer 5 Yeah.

related to memory management. Achieving memory safety rid implies that the program's memory access, read and write, are well defined and do not violate memory safety rules.

what does memory safety We had to, like, a whole history lesson. I'm glad I threw some of those history questions into the prompt because this has been kind So, like, let's say you had, like, an array of

I I had to pick up in Rust, How many different types there are? In in Rust, you have so many different types based on all kinds of things.

And we'll talk about how you can watch the ram and see how this change in ram value actually, Let me just let me take a wild stab in the dark. A type eraser, use case for this. Let me just Go to go nuts on this, and it it was lovely. It's like a nice little teriyaki, It's it's funny. You know, I think you could depending on how far back you went in the history of CSS, you could think of, like, every single release as being something that solved rid. Some criticism

is that you're not rid. Using more

I used to Displaced Oh, okay.

security vulnerabilities, and undefined behaviors. I remember when I learned

There is but they also have a set of in. Synchronous functions as well, which is it's it always frustrates me when you see people Rid. By designer and developer Dave Shia and demonstrated the power and flexibility of CSS. I wonder what ready. Dave, she is up to these days Welcome to Sidtacks. Today, we've got a stump for you. This is where Scott and I will try to stump each other with interview questions.

Premise of the channel is he, like, does kind of step through debugging

string decorator proposal.

you just make it. Or you want to make a string? Who cares how big that string is? Right? You just do it and the JavaScript will figure out how much memory it needs, and then you're no longer using that string. It's no longer referenced anywhere.

all of that yourself. You have to kind of know ahead of them. Even like rid. With the new syntax website with the MySQL, Rid. Well, that was a good one. Yeah. Interesting.

So to create consistent designs that look the same across browsers. It's true that which is weird. In JavaScript, you want to make a variable, rid or positions such as hover, which applies states

just because then they don't have to get into callbacks or whatever. And it's Is that correct? Is that a class or pseudo class yet? A pseudo class is a keyword that can be added to a selector to style elements that are in a particular state Multiplexing.

null or invalid pointers, Dave Chia is a Canadian web designer.

do little demos, and they always use the write file sync. Rid FS. WriteFileSync

Oh, yeah. You had to make it up whenever you text change it to a text type.

dereferencing

accessing memory out of bounds, buffer overflow or other flow, and memory leaks. These errors can lead to program crashes, So I'll link up the one I got.

define our own memory,

And that's what garbage collection is, because it's it's taxing you want really crisp. It's kind of the opposite where you want

it's much better

C rid In universities, I took 1 computer science class.

mean? Memory safety Expression can be used without We got a laser projector for outside.

a little bit more. You're not just working with a number. You're working with different types of, you know, an 8 bit integer or Unsigned 8 bit integer, a 16 bit integer. I need that stuff. So it's it's a different world having to worry about memory here. I I watched,

the order of operations.

Interesting. Because the set time out, I guess, gets called immediately, Common memory safety violations include

Yeah, I would be into that. That was a good one. Alright. I like this.

So I Micro a function declaration is defining and saving it as a

Make sure the rendering rid is often happening in Jess testing there's a specific word for that.

macro tasks,

the trick to put something at the end video You are correct.

micro tasks, Okay.

And that is put to the end, but

and a request animation frame. Which of Those or what's the order in which those are executed? I'm going to say

a promise or a callback,

and rendering tasks. Macro, micro, and rendering?

set time out. You could imagine this. You have a set time out, a promise, Oh, 2000 3.

So micro promise, little nubs or we call them nubs, like the

The only reason I say that is because

Woah. So which of those are first? So a macro task is something like set time out. A microtask is something like

But your answer makes sense.

That's that's a good question. That's, like, really nitty gritty. I bet we should dig into that or maybe get somebody on to talk about let's Get on into it. I I'll start it off here with the first one for Scott.

Okay.

and a rendering task is something like request animation frame. So what is the The order of execution.

or, like, rack testing library where you're like, it's not rendered yet. Set a set time out of 0, and then it will Make sure that it's rendered before then. So according to the answer, Wes Yeah. It is macro micro rendering.

it's still going before rendering.

and 409.

would you like the options?

It's 409.

rid 403 unauthorized? Indicates that the request could not be processed because of a conflict

rid As opposed to like a pseudo element, I suppose. A pseudo class would be like

question.

You know, what is what is the 409

No. Yeah. Give me the options. Okay. That's this is good because because I don't wanna just hear the answer yet. Okay. Options are 401,

403,

Got it. Got it. Rid. Got

Oh, never used that one before. Yeah. I have not either. Rid. What is a pseudo class, and could you give an example of 1?

select something if its current status is being hovered.

It's 401.

That's easy. Too easy.

HTTP status code indicates that the client must authenticate itself To get the requested it's, it's just quite alright for me. I'm going to shamelessly plug Sentry at century.i0.

hover, which of the following is true? I am going to say status code? That's a great question. I don't know. Never use it. One status code conflicts

So which This means new object will not have old object in its prototype chain, and it does not truly inherit from old object.

when the user hovers over an element.

Oh. Oh, I know this 1.

when a requested resource is not rid Found. Oh, come on. That's too Oh, that's easy one. 404.

it. K. JavaScript Yep.

such as requested resources not in the expected State or the result of the process request would create a conflict with the resource.

is

which

programming where you're rid Using events as the main form of

I oh, no. No. It's not.

right. So the answer here is event driven programming is a programming paradigm where the flow of the program is determined by events rid. That are received by the program at runtime.

It works in Node. Js by using the event loop and continually listens for events that are associated with callback functions. Rid Oh. Events are that's the whole event loop behind JavaScript. Right? You throw stuff on the event loop. When it when it comes back, many of the features to make it rich in a powerful styling language such as selectors, rid. Cascade in inheritance

how do you mark a field or type of CSS over the years.

man, I don't I don't know a good way to distill this thought other than just saying, Hey. It's by responding and listening to events,

Isn't that what muxing is? You are FS dot write file promise, which is now available. It has been for quite a while. This is a good one. Rid. In programming,

And the

Oh, I, well, I just blew it then. Multi

over a single connection.

Rid. Alright.

Multi I don't know. I don't know. Muxing versus multiplex. The abbreviation used to represent a multi multiplexer

It's not like muxing.

of web pages.

a very wild work. Crazy. Alright.

and improve the loading speed

Can you give me the give me the option? Close to muxing. It starts with an m.

Multiplying?

I can give you,

Was it just VHS?

rid. Set of options here that I'm able to give a, b or c, and

Imagine you worked at net I don't think Netflix was around. I don't think it was around in 2005, let alone 1995.

of really good questions and answers. So rid was

Those are all too close. I was hoping they'd be a little bit more spread out.

a

do better.

Rid No. Based rental business in 1997.

I'll say I'm not going to say them by default, but if you rid. Say, alright. I need a hint, and I'll give you the the possible options.

Why? Was because that's what I was going to guess before you gave me the prompt.

Got it. Nailed it. Do you know why I went with 90.95?

What did they even do? Because DVDs really didn't That was so Netflix was created before Google? potentially accessing, you know, methods on a string if you're rid have guarded it to be that it is in fact a string. So it's basically, like I said, a checkpoint to only allow a specific rid through. Beautiful. And can I ask a follow-up question?

We are going to again, last time we coded up a little AI prompt and rid. Use that to generate all the questions because we have pretty much run out of interview question websites over the years, rid. And it seems that the AI is the endless fount Kilo

1995.

Rid. But I wasn't confident on that. I was maybe at a 5 out of 10 in the confidence game. So

rid. In which year was JavaScript Set time out. Some I I find like Some of these are too easy. We gotta I gotta figure out how to give it even harder ones. Yeah. It tells me rid. Like a 10 year old BenQ projector at our cottage, and that thing is amazing.

I I mean, I could guess, but I'm not gonna be correct. So if I had options, I think I would Well, based on one of the questions we'd asked earlier, I'm gonna go ahead and say, streaming, 1, it's rid Creating yeah. Because the function expression doesn't actually create the the function. To create a function from a function read. You put it into a variable.

Alright. You want me to give you I'll give you the options. Rid. 1993,

Launched?

That's hilarious. I wonder when was, Okay. There's there's a follow-up question. When was Netflix Netflix.

97. No. I don't believe that. Who'd you ask that? Did you ask chat g p t that? No. That's, sick Pick

The first question is,

casts a a spell onto a type. It says you are this.

to

Yeah. The yeah. Nailed it. You get Don't take a bounce back. One. Yeah. Pouncer, that's a good way to put it. Yeah. No. Yeah. Well, let's see that ID. Alright. Alright. In JavaScript, what is the order of execution

Typecast

basically rid. You're trying to access a property on something that doesn't exist. You need a type guard to step in here and say, hey, if this thing is the following type,

checkpoint returns a function with its own scope. Rid. Yeah. Yeah.

Rid. It says, asynchronous

making sure that it is before you go ahead.

type.

rid Something what type it is, where a type guard is checking what type it is. Beautiful. Yeah. I always say the type assertion is the trust me, bro, Yeah. I don't know. Yeah. Other than other than that, what other kind of issues may be limited amount of colors,

the parent function. Beauty.

yeah. No. A typecast is essentially So so you're always having to consider Gamers is a YouTube channel where they get really nitty gritty into the RAM. So, like, the entire

Rid. So, typically, if you have maybe, like, a type that is could be multiple things, maybe it's a union,

is

Then we can continue

confirm a specific what's the answer here? Like, what what is an expression

of the Following tasks.

scope chain until it finds something that is this. Rid And in your case, this will be equal to

not forcing, but it's telling

basically, you're saying Around the edges, it's starting to get like brownish.

bang, empty arrays, hit enter, and one of that bad boy says true.

when using the double equals operator, but an empty array

This question involves JavaScript's

Another empty array So, basically, it was developed to pass data rather than structure. The answer here is the primary motivation for the development of X

is true your home's power. Like, how how do they do that with 1 or 2 wires? And and the answer That is they multiplex it, meaning that they

exclamation

empty array brackets. So what is the what so, basically, empty array double equals

point, Strict mode are true. Okay?

The real truth. We could do, like, one of those click baity videos. I was working on something that was like the history of Internet Explorer myself, like, diving through each version and, like, what it That would be cool. To the table. So we we can, Have something in that to type this in.

rid Triple equals because the double equals can do some weird stuff. This is one of those things where you're like, I don't know why that would work that way, but it does. So an empty array rid

false.

K. What were some of the major Criticisms of CSS early on, and how were they addressed a boolean. The return type is

realm. Alright. Next question here is, what is the result of the following comparison in JavaScript?

You have empty array brackets is double equal sign, The order of execution,

double equals And rid typing annotations to JavaScript, which would have enabled static analysis and verification of code. However, this aspect of the proposal was not Well received and was abandoned in favor

Oh, it's kinda interesting. This is another history one.

is its own object.

the type. Rid. So the output of that would be of the event where they want And then the last 1 is meta classes and meta objects. ES 4 proposed features for meta

Rid. And so the answer to that would be false. So I invite you, if you're sitting in front of a computer,

Bang empty array. Right? What's the output of that? I bought these before we went Yeah. You could tell me that that was dropped from the proposal. Rid I think we both we have those now both with

loose equality operator type coercion and how JavaScript interprets rid Different values in Boolean context. So this is

You're listening to Syntax, the podcast with the tastiest web development treats out there. Strap yourself in and get ready. Here is Scott Talinski and Wes Bos.